Step 1: Build the Aromatic Base: Heat olive oil or avocado oil in a large Dutch oven or heavy-bottomed pot over medium heat. Add diced onion, bell pepper, and a sprinkle of salt, cooking until softened and lightly golden, about 5 minutes. Stir in minced fresh garlic and cook for 30 seconds until fragrant.
Step 2: Toast the Spices (Crucial Step): Add cumin, smoked paprika, chili powder, garlic powder, cayenne, black pepper, and salt to the pot. Stir constantly for 60 seconds until the spices smell aromatic and toasted. This step is key to developing deep flavor!
Step 3: Create the Soup Base: Stir in tomato paste and cook for 1 minute until it darkens slightly. Pour in fire-roasted tomatoes and vegetable broth, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot.
Step 4: Simmer the Sweet Potatoes: Add diced sweet potatoes and bring the mixture to a boil over medium-high heat. Reduce the heat to medium-low, maintain a gentle simmer, cover partially, and cook for 20 minutes or until sweet potatoes are fork-tender.
Step 5: Add Beans and Final Seasoning: Stir in black beans and salt. Simmer for 5 more minutes to heat through and meld flavors. Taste and adjust seasoning as needed. Remove from heat and blend half the soup using a blender or immersion blender to achieve a velvety, thick texture.
Step 6: Brighten and Serve: Stir in fresh lime juice. Serve immediately with your favorite garnishes. Options include more lime juice, sour cream, queso fresco cheese, sliced green onions, sliced jalapenos, and tortilla chips.